Eur\u00f3pa, zem migrantov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nadpis tejto \u00favahy neplat\u00ed len o Eur\u00f3pe, ale o celom svete. Plat\u00ed aj o na\u0161om Slovensku, o na\u0161ej minulosti, pr\u00edtomnosti i bud\u00facnosti. Je to u\u017e d\u00e1vno, \u010do si povzdychol ist\u00fd rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013eav\u00fd \u010dlovek: \u201dPr\u00edchodz\u00ed som na zemi\u201d<\/i>. Dnes by povedal: som migrant na zemi.\u00a0 Prich\u00e1dzame a zase odch\u00e1dzame. O prv\u00fdch obyvate\u013eoch Eur\u00f3py toho ve\u013ea nevieme. Niekedy sa o nich hovor\u00ed ako o lovcoch mamutov. Mo\u017eno vyhynuli z\u00e1rove\u0148 s nimi, ale pravdepodobnej\u0161ie je, \u017ee sa ods\u0165ahovali. Boli migranti, tak ako ich koris\u0165. Po Keltoch n\u00e1m ostalo pomerne ve\u013ea pamiatok aj na Slovensku, napr\u00edklad aj na hradnom kopci v Bratislave. Ale aj t\u00ed sa ods\u0165ahovali. Tie\u017e boli len migranti. Pod\u013ea historikov tu pri\u0161li potom Markomani a Kv\u00e1di a za nimi migrovali cez Dunaj Rimania. V\u0161etci odi\u0161li, lebo pri\u0161li Slovania, Sloveni, (\u010di star\u00ed Slov\u00e1ci). Pri\u0161lo k s\u0165ahovaniu cel\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov, hoci niektor\u00ed tomu neveria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U\u017e z tohoto kr\u00e1tkeho n\u00e1\u010drtku star\u0161\u00edch dej\u00edn vid\u00edme, \u017ee migranti sa rozde\u013euj\u00fa na dve z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 skupiny. Migranti –\u00a0emigranti <\/b>s\u00fa t\u00ed, \u010do z domova odch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa. Migranti\u00a0– imigranti<\/b> s\u00fa t\u00ed, \u010do niekam prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, alebo sa pris\u0165ahov\u00e1vaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po Slovenoch pri\u0161li k n\u00e1m aj in\u00e9 n\u00e1rody Niektor\u00ed prijat\u00ed neboli, ale niektor\u00ed sa asimilovali. Zostali po nich len men\u00e1 obc\u00ed, kde preb\u00fdvali: Koz\u00e1rovce, Pe\u010de\u0148ady, Plaveck\u00fd \u0160tvrtok, Sekule, Rusovce a in\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0Zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm imigrantom bol fransk\u00fd kupec Samo.<\/b> (r. 623) U\u017e tu sa ukazuje, \u017ee ak imigrant prin\u00e1\u0161a financie a nov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, je prijat\u00fd \u013eah\u0161ie, alebo dokonca s otvorenou n\u00e1ru\u010dou. Samovi otvoril n\u00e1ru\u010d nielen kme\u0148, ale aj\u00a0jeho 12 man\u017eeliek. Zostalo po \u0148om po\u010detn\u00e9 potomstvo: dvadsa\u0165 dva synov a p\u00e4tn\u00e1s\u0165 dc\u00e9r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0O migr\u00e1cii Ma\u010farov do Pan\u00f3nie a na Ve\u013ek\u00fa Moravu panuj\u00fa dve te\u00f3rie. Jedna dobyva\u010dn\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 sl\u00fa\u017eila na podporu panovania a ovl\u00e1dania dom\u00e1cich. Druh\u00e1 je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na my\u0161lienke pohostinnosti. Je to zlo\u017eit\u00e9. Z ned\u00e1vnych d\u00f4b si e\u0161te pam\u00e4t\u00e1me pr\u00edchod vojsk z v\u00fdchodn\u00e9ho bloku, a ani tu sa nevedia odborn\u00edci zjednoti\u0165, \u010di i\u0161lo o migr\u00e1ciu dobyva\u010dn\u00fa, alebo \u201cdo\u010dasne\u201d pohostinn\u00fa . \u010casto sa z migrantov stan\u00fa aj okupanti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Zauj\u00edmav\u00e1 je napr\u00edklad imigr\u00e1cia v stredoveku. \u010cas\u0165 obyvate\u013eov sa vo \u0160vaj\u010diarsku a Nemecku stala nepohodln\u00e1 a preto sa stali z nich\u00a0emigrantmi. Boli to anabaptisti. Usadili sa najsk\u00f4r na Morave. Ke\u010f ich Habsburg vyhnal, emigrovali \u010falej. Pri\u0161li na Z\u00e1padn\u00e9 Slovensko a usadili sa tu. Boli prijat\u00ed vo vy\u0161e tridsiatich obciach. Ako sme u\u017e vy\u0161\u0161ie videli, pokia\u013e priniesli peniaze a nie\u010do pozit\u00edvne, emigrantov, i ke\u010f neochotne, ale predsa prijali. Dostali zem a mo\u017enos\u0165 pracova\u0165. Nie pr\u00edli\u0161 dobrosrde\u010dne ich dom\u00e1ci prez\u00fdvali hab\u00e1ni. Ke\u010f\u017ee v\u0161ak vyzn\u00e1vali vlastn\u00e9 predstavy o kres\u0165anskom \u017eivote, napokon cis\u00e1rovn\u00e1 M\u00e1ria Ter\u00e9zia v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu prin\u00fatila konvertova\u0165 a z ostatn\u00fdch pod trestom smrti urobila emigrantov. Sk\u00fasili \u017ei\u0165 najsk\u00f4r v Rusku. Ale skoro spoznali, \u017ee samoder\u017eavie, alebo absolutizmus je : \u010dert ako diabol. Odi\u0161li do USA a tam sa stretli so svojimi pokrvn\u00fdmi i duchovne pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi menonitmi z Holandska a dodnes si tam spokojne \u017eij\u00fa pod n\u00e1zvom ami\u0161i. T\u00fdm ist\u00fdm smerom, za more, migrovalo nesk\u00f4r aj tis\u00edce Slov\u00e1kov. Toto spom\u00ednam aj preto, \u017ee ak by pod n\u00e1porom dne\u0161n\u00fdch emigrantov v Eur\u00f3pe bolo n\u00e1m s\u00faden\u00e9 \u00eds\u0165 \u010falej, pou\u010dme sa z hist\u00f3rie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Podobne ako hab\u00e1ni pochodili u n\u00e1s aj imigranti z \u010ciech a Moravy, naz\u00fdvan\u00ed Moravsk\u00ed bratia. Pri\u0161li ako imigramti – exulanti, usadili sa od Skalice a\u017e po P\u00fachov, ba i \u010falej. Napr\u00edklad zn\u00e1my J\u00e1n \u00c1mos Komensk\u00fd. Ale museli v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou \u00eds\u0165 ako emigranti svetom. \u010clovek je proste v tomto svete \u201cp\u00fatnikom\u201d , ergo: migrantom. Nedobrovo\u013en\u00fdch exulantov bolo zo Slovenska a Uhorska v stredoveku ne\u00farekom. Boli to najm\u00e4 luter\u00e1ni a kalv\u00edni. E\u0161te \u0161\u0165astie, \u017ee pre svoju vzdelanos\u0165, kult\u00farnos\u0165 a pracovitos\u0165 boli inde radi prij\u00edman\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0160pecifickou skupinou boli a zostali na\u0161i migranti z Indie. T\u00edto boli prijat\u00ed najm\u00e4 v\u010faka \u010dasto ospevovan\u00e9mu kr\u00e1\u013eovi uhorsk\u00e9mu a r\u00edmskemu \u017digmundovi. Sved\u010d\u00ed o tom listina, ktor\u00fa vydal na Spi\u0161i v roku 1423 a ktor\u00fa odp\u00edsal kronik\u00e1r mesta Regensburg, v ktorej sa okrem in\u00e9ho p\u00ed\u0161e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cMy, \u017digmund, z Bo\u017eej milosti r\u00edmsky kr\u00e1\u013e\u2026, v\u017edy rozmno\u017eite\u013e r\u00ed\u0161e\u2026.dostavili sa k n\u00e1m osobne vern\u00ed na\u0161i Ladislav, vajda Cig\u00e1nov s ostan\u00fdmi, ktor\u00ed k nemu patria a naliehavo predostreli tu na Spi\u0161i v na\u0161ej pr\u00edtomnosti pon\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 prosby, aby sme im r\u00e1\u010dili zabezpe\u010di\u0165 rozsiahlej\u0161ie milosti. Preto sme im, pohnut\u00ed takouto prosbou, udelili t\u00fato slobodu a pr\u00edsne naria\u010fujeme a prikazujeme Va\u0161im vernostiam touto listinou, \u017ee kdeko\u013evek pr\u00edde tento vajda Ladislav a jeho \u013eud na na\u0161e spom\u00ednan\u00e9 panstv\u00e1, toti\u017e do na\u0161ich miest a meste\u010diek, aby ste tohto vajdu a jemu podriaden\u00fdch Cig\u00e1nov bez ak\u00fdchko\u013evek prek\u00e1\u017eok a nepokojov podporovali a chr\u00e1nili, ba aj br\u00e1nili pre v\u0161etk\u00fdmi napadnutiami a \u00fatokmi. Ak by medzi nimi sam\u00fdmi vznikli nejak\u00e9 nesvornosti alebo nepokoje zo strany kohoko\u013evek, vtedy nech ich s\u00fadi a oslobodzuje \/len\/ tento vajda Ladislav a nikto in\u00fd spomedzi V\u00e1s. Listinu prikazujeme po pre\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed v\u017edy vr\u00e1ti\u0165 predkladaj\u00facemu\u2026\u201d(Listina zachovan\u00e1 v odpise v MKA v Budape\u0161ti: DL 107 246\u201d. In: Prv\u00fd cis\u00e1r na uhorskom tr\u00f3ne str.93) <\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/i>\u017digmund, ktor\u00fd a\u017e do konca \u017eivota, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ne\u00faspe\u0161ne, tvrdo bojoval proti \u010desk\u00fdm husitom, ktor\u00fdch ani v najmen\u0161om prija\u0165 nedok\u00e1zal, preuk\u00e1zal t\u00fdm nielen diplomatick\u00e9 schopnosti, ale aj kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fa dobrotivos\u0165 vo\u010di Ladislavov\u00fdm migrantom. Mnoh\u00ed z nich sa dnes st\u00e1vaj\u00fa\u00a0dobrovo\u013en\u00fdmi emigrantmi, lebo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie dobro nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. T\u00fdm ist\u00fdm smerom id\u00fa dobrovo\u013ene aj desa\u0165tis\u00edce vzdelan\u00fdch mlad\u00fdch Slov\u00e1kov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Vo vzduchu v\u0161ak dnes vis\u00ed nevysloven\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: ako pr\u00edjmeme dne\u0161n\u00fdch migrantov z prednej \u00c1zie a Afriky my u n\u00e1s? Nielen pr\u00edklad \u017digmunda, ale najm\u00e4 slov\u00e1 P\u00e1na Krista pripadaj\u00fa mnoh\u00fdm ako tak\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 rad\u0161ej nemusel vyslovi\u0165: \u201dLebo hladn\u00fd som bol a dali ste mi jes\u0165; bol som sm\u00e4dn\u00fd a dali ste pi\u0165; pri\u0161iel som ako cudzinec,a prijali ste ma.\u201d (Mt 25, 35)<\/i>\u00a0A naviac, vyslovil ich pr\u00e1ve v s\u00favise s tou poslednou v\u0161eobecnou a najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou migr\u00e1ciou v tomto svete, ktor\u00fa spom\u00edna aj zn\u00e1my trpite\u013e J\u00f3b: \u201cNah\u00fd som vy\u0161iel zo \u017eivota matky, a nah\u00fd sa ta navr\u00e1tim\u201d.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/i>Pravda, aj Slovensko rado prij\u00edma in\u00e9 n\u00e1rody, najm\u00e4 ak prines\u00fa kapit\u00e1l a \u201cknow – how\u201d. D\u00f4kazom s\u00fa dnes Nemci v Bratislave, Franc\u00fazi v Trnave, K\u00f3rej\u010dania pri \u017diline a podobne. V Eur\u00f3pe pohyb bol a je aj dnes. Zrejme bude aj v bud\u00facnosti. Ako sa rozhodneme? Stan\u00fa sa u n\u00e1s aspo\u0148 niektor\u00ed z t\u00fdchto migrantov aj imigranti, \u010di\u017ee pris\u0165ahovalci?\u00a0Alebo bud\u00fa v\u017edy iba exulanti?\u00a0Budeme sa tejto novej Bo\u017eej sk\u00fa\u0161ke vyh\u00fdba\u0165, alebo sa vyrovn\u00e1me s t\u00fdm, \u010do kedysi Pavol z Tarzu vyslovil na Aerpagu v At\u00e9nach: \u201cOn urobil z jednej krvi v\u0161etky pokolenia \u013eudsk\u00e9, aby ob\u00fdvali cel\u00fd povrch zeme\u2026\u201d (Sk 17,26)\u00a0<\/i>Je to ne\u010dakane \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 rozhodovanie. Pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch ale napokon plat\u00ed: \u201dLebo nem\u00e1me tu trval\u00e9ho miesta, ale h\u013ead\u00e1me ono bud\u00face\u201d. (\u017dd 13, 4<\/i>) Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed Migrant\u00a0tohoto veku n\u00e1s povzbudzuje: (Mt 11,28) \u201dPo\u010fte ku mne v\u0161etci, ktor\u00ed sa nam\u00e1hate a ste pre\u0165a\u017een\u00ed, ja v\u00e1m d\u00e1m odpo\u010dinutie\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u013dubom\u00edr Batka st.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Eur\u00f3pa, zem migrantov Nadpis tejto \u00favahy neplat\u00ed len o Eur\u00f3pe, ale o celom svete. Plat\u00ed aj o na\u0161om Slovensku, o na\u0161ej minulosti, pr\u00edtomnosti i bud\u00facnosti. Je to u\u017e d\u00e1vno, \u010do si povzdychol ist\u00fd rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013eav\u00fd \u010dlovek: \u201dPr\u00edchodz\u00ed som na zemi\u201d. Dnes by povedal: som migrant na zemi.\u00a0 Prich\u00e1dzame a zase odch\u00e1dzame. O prv\u00fdch obyvate\u013eoch Eur\u00f3py toho … \u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adventna-modlitba"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28885"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38424,"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28885\/revisions\/38424"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.e-anjelik.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}